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Diseases prevented by vaccines
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Diseases
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Possible symptoms
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Possible complications
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Who should get vaccinated?
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Tetanus
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- Painful muscle spasms
(beginning with jaw and going down the body)
- Difficulty swallowing
(& later breathing)
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- Broken bones
- Pneumonia
- Death
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- Everyone
(1 dose every 10 years)
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Diphtheria
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- Sore throat &
difficulty swallowing
- Fever & chills
- Difficulty breathing
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- Breathing problems
- Paralyzed muscles
- Heart & nerve damage
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- Everyone
(1 dose every 10 years)
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Pertussis
(whooping cough)
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- Runny nose & nasal
congestion
- Mild fever
- Cough (starts mild; can
become severe and long-lasting)
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- Pneumonia
Infants are more likely to have severe complications (breathing
difficulties, seizures, brain damage, death)
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- Everyone
(1 booster dose as an adult and during each pregnancy)
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Hepatitis A
&
Hepatitis B
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- Fever
- Fatigue & loss of
appetite
- Nausea & vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Jaundice (yellowing of
skin & eyes, dark urine)
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Hepatitis A
- Liver failure
- Death (rare; risk
increases over age 60)
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- Everyone wanting
protection
- Especially people with
medical, occupational, travel or lifestyle risks
- Contacts of cases who have
been exposed
(Usually 2-3 doses)
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Human
papillomavirus (HPV)
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- Genital and/or anal warts
- Itching or burning
- Very often no symptoms
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- Cervical cancer &
other cancers (e.g. anal, throat, tongue, vulvar, vaginal, penile)
- Warts in the airways
- Death
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- Females and males 9 to 26
years of age
- Females and males 27 years
of age and older at ongoing risk of exposure
(Usually 2-3 doses)
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Seasonal
influenza (flu)
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- High fever
- Headache, general aches
& pains
- Fatigue & weakness
- Sore throat
- Coughing & chest
discomfort
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- Bronchitis (inflammation
of airways)
- Pneumonia
- Can worsen a chronic
condition (e.g. asthma, congestive heart failure)
- Death
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- Everyone
(1 dose every year in the fall)
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Meningococcal
infection
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- Sudden fever
- Severe headache
- Nausea & vomiting
- Red rash or tiny bruises
on skin
- Stiff neck
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- Meningitis (inflammation
of the lining of the brain and spinal cord)
- Septicemia (infection of the blood)
- Amputation of one or more
limbs
- Brain damage/ Coma/ Death
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- People with specific
medical conditions
- People living in
residential accommodation
(e.g. students, military)
(Usually 1 dose-depends on risk)
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Pneumococcal infection
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- Fever & chills
- Headache, earache, plugged
nose
- Cough & difficulty
breathing
- Chest pain
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- Pneumonia
- Meningitis (inflammation
of the lining of the brain and spinal cord)
- Septicemia (infection of the blood)
- Brain damage/ Death
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- Everyone 65 years and older
- People with specific
medical conditions
(Usually 1 dose-depends on risk)
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Herpes zoster
(shingles)
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- Headache, sensitivity to
light
- Fatigue
- Anywhere on one side of
body:
Skin pain,
burning, itching or tingling, sensitivity to touch
Red rash, fluid-filled
skin blisters
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- Post-herpetic neuralgia
(prolonged pain can last for years & affect daily activities)
- Vision or hearing loss
- Severe skin infections
- Nerve damage
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- Everyone age 60 years and
older
- Can also be given to
people 50-59 years and those with specific medical risks
(1-2 doses depending on vaccine)
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